This research focused on the quality assessment of national project management in the Russian Federation as one of the most significant tools aimed at implementing an effective policy for socioeconomic development. The hypothesis was that increased investment in national programmes and their prioritisation in the framework of public administration could improve socioeconomic development in Russia. The human development index (HDI), which directly assesses the level of human development in different countries based on indicators such as life expectancy, education, and well-being, shows this level. This research aimed to assess the efficiency of Russian socioeconomic programmes based on an independent analysis of the HDI. The authors highlight the urgent need for improvement and articulate the range of potential challenges and solutions through a statistical analysis of the correlation between the HDI and indicators of project management costs in Russia and a regression evaluation of project implementation indicators. When implemented, these recommendations can improve the spending efficiency of federal funds, estimated at 8.5 trillion rubles, as well as regional and local funds allocated for executing national projects.